Machine for forming gaskets.



No. 648,943. Patented may a, mop.'

- o. .1. GAnLocK.

MACHINE FDR FORMING GASKETS. (Application led. Jan. 371, 1898.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-jSheet l.

W Wiz/w Patented May 8, |900. 0'. J. GARLOCK. l MACHINE FUR FOBMING GASKETS.

(Application led' Jan. 31, 1898.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2,

No. 648,943. A Patented may a, |900. o. .1. sAnLocK.

MACHINE FOR FOBMYING GASKETS.

(Application led Ian. 31, 1898.) v(llu Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3,

. Eties t:

`Nn. 648,943. Patented May 8, 1900.

0. J. GARLUCK.

MACHINE FOR FURMING-GASKETS.

(Application man Jan. si. 189s.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4,

(No Model.)

- lL :lIll --.ffii

Patented May 8, |900.V

0. J. GARLOCK. MACHINE For: Fomama GA'sKETs.

(Application led Jan, 31, 1898;)

(No Model.)

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` ran STATES PATEN' Frio OLIN J. GARLOCK, OF PALMYRA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GARLOOK PACKING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR Fono/HMGA GASKETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 648,943, dated MayS, 1900.

v Application iiled January 31,1898. Serial N0. 668,605. (No model.)

To 'all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIN J. GARLOCK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Palmyra, in the county of Wayneand State of New York, have invented a new and useful Machine for Forming Gaskets, which is fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in 1o machines for forming circularor elliptical packing-rings or gaskets from sheets of packing material, as fiber and india-rubber, the machine being such that the cutter may be made to move around either in a circular or an elliptical path of any predetermined dimensions within limits.

The main object of the invention is to pro-` duce a machine capable of forming rapidly and cheaply by power round or oval packing- 2o rings or gaskets of any size and form required. I attain this object by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichy Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine z 5 with some minor parts sectioned and broken away. Fig. 2 is an end View of the slideholder and associated parts. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of parts of the machine on the dotted line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view of 3o the crank mechanism and some associated parts seen as indicated by arrow 4l in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the machine seen as indicated by arrow 5 in Fig. 1, parts being broken away. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of parts of the machine on the dotted line 6 6 in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a plan of parts of the machine near the cutter-carrier, the dropshaft being horizontally sectioned. Fig. S is a plan of the machine with some minor parts 4o omitted, parts being shown in various positions by full and dotted lines. Fig. 9 is a plan of the holding-ring for the cutter-carrier and some associated parts, parts being broken away and other parts horizontally sectioned on the dotted line 9 9 in Fig. 5; and other parts on the dotted line 9', Fig. 17. Fig. 10 is an edge View of the holding-ring for the cutter-carrier seen as indicated by arrow 10 in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a rear View of 5o parts of the machine indicated by arrow 11 in Fig. 5. Fig. 12 is a side view 0f parts of the machine indicated by arrow 12 in Fig. 1. Fig. 13 is an elevation of the connectingshafts for driving the cutter and some associated parts, parts being vertically sectioned on the dotted lines 13 13 in Fig. 8. Fig. 14 is a vertical section of parts of the machine on the dotted line 14c 14 in Fig. 6, parts being shown in two positions by full and dotted lines. Fig. 15 is a view of the lower end of 6o the drop-shaft, parts associated therewith being vertically sectioned on the dotted lines 15 in Figs. 1 and 16. Fig. 16 is a plan of the foot-piece and the plate, the drop-shaft being horizontally sectioned on the dotted line 16 in 65 Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is a vertical section onthe dotted line 17 17 in Figs. 2 and 9, parts being shown in two positions by full and dotted lines. Fig. 18 shows an oval or elliptical gasket as formed by the machine and adjust- 7o ing-guides. Fig. 19 is an end elevation of a part of the frame and some associated parts seen as indicated by arrow 12 in Fig. 1, the gate being vertically sectioned to show the lifting-spring. Fig. 2 is drawn full size. Figs. 75 15 and 16 are drawn to a scale about two-thirds size, Fig. 17 to a scale about one-half size, and the remaining gures, except Fig. 18,/ to 'a scale of one-fourth size.

In the drawings, A, Figs. 5 and S, is arigid 8o body or holder, usually of iron, which supports the other parts of the machine, itbeing secured to a vertical wall, post, or other con- .venient part B, from which it projects horizontally. This body is hollow and as a matter of convenience is formed square in crosssection, as shown. To the outer overhanging end of the body is secured a horizontal frame C, Figs. 1, 8, and 14, by some simple fasteners, as bolt-s a. Upon this frame is 9o adapted to slide in horizontal directions a saddle D, which holds a gate or part E, adapted to slide in vertical directions along bearings upon the saddle. To the lower side of the gate-that is to say, to feet H2122 thereofis secured a horizontal hollow ring or circular shell F, Figs. 1, 9, and 10, by means of sim-k ple fasteners b2, serving to hold a cutter-carrying gear G.

H, Figs. 1, 5, 8, and 11, is a step-pulley ot Ico common construction for receiving an ordinary driving-belt for operating the machine.

This pulley is carried by a horizontal shaft I, having a bearing b at one end in a bracket K, secured to the body A, and a bearing c at its other end, held by the frame C. At its forward overhanging end the shaft I is provided with a miter-gear d and spur-pinion e, the imiter-gear engaging a similar gear f on a horizontal shaft L, parallel with the frame C. This shaft L rests in bearings g and h, Figs. l, 8, and 12, the former being secured to the frame C and the latter to the saddle D. At its opposite end this shaft is provided with a miter-gear t', engaging with a similar gear 7s on a vertical shaft N, resting in 4bearingsl and fm, the former being a projection of the saddle and the latter a projection of the gate E. At its lower end the shaft N is provided with a pinion n, Figs. 9 and 13, to engage the gear G. On account ot' this construction of the parts the turning of the step-pulley II will cause the gear G to revolve and carry the cutter o, Figs. 2 and 17, around.

The gear G is a toothed ring without hub or spokes and turns in a bearing in the ring or shell F, resting directly upon a circular plate o, Figs. 9 and 17, held to the ring F by simple fastening-screws p. The gear G is formed with an inwardly-projecting part r, Figs. 7, 9, and 17 which part extends slightly below the plate o, to the under surface of which part r is secured a slide-holder s, Figs. 1, 2, and 17. Vithin the slide-holder is a slide t, adapted to move or slide longitudinally in the slide-holder, the motions of said slide being radial. This slide t, which constitutes a holder for the cutter, is formed with downwardly-projecting sockets u u, one at either end, for receiving a knife or cutter fu, Figs. 1, 2, and 17, said cutter being secured in either socket by a set-screw w. A radial traverse-screw so is held longitudinally within the slide-holder s, as shown in Fig. 17. This screw is cut away at o2, and the slideholder s is formed with an inwardly-projecting part p2 to enter the space o2,which serves to prevent any endwise motion of the screw in said slide-holder. The space o2 is not made at the middle of the screw, but near to one end, as shown. The upper surface of the slide t is threaded to correspond with the threads of the screw, so as to be engaged by the latter. "When the traverse screw is turned, as with a wrench applied to the squared end y, the cutter will be moved toward or from the center of the ring, as the case maybe. By these means the cutter may be adjusted or set to cut gaskets of various sizes when carried around by the gear G.

In forming the smaller-sized gaskets the cutter is inserted in the inner socket lu---that is to say, the one appearing at the left in Fig. 17-aud for larger gaskets the cutter is placed in the outer or righthand socket. In case gaskets ot' the largest size are to be formed the traverse-screwis reversed or turned end for end in the slide-holder s. This serves to throw the socket u, adjacent to the longer threaded part of the traverse-screw, still farther out from the center, (or the drop-shaft X,) as the part p2 of the slide-holder occupies the recess o2 in either position of the traverse'screw.

If the cutter in any7 case is merely carried around in a circle by the revolving gear G, the gaskets formed will be circular. To form ovalpor elliptical gaskets, other operations of the machine are necessary in addition to and simultaneously with those for forming circular gasketsthat is to say, the cutter-carrier must be given a rectilinear reciprocal motion while the cutter is carried around.

A spur-gear O, Figs. 1, 5, and 1l, is provided upon a shaft P under and parallel with the shaft I. The shaft P rests in bearings s and a', the former being on' the frame C and the latteron the bracket K. This gear is engaged by the pinion e above mentioned, so as to revolve when the step-pulley is turned. The gear is formed upon its front face with slides b', Figs. 1, 4, and 5, in which is placed a sliding head c', controlled and adjusted by a screw CZ', held in a rest e' projecting from the gear. The motions of the sliding head in the slides Z1 are in a lineintersecting the axis of the shaft P. The sliding head is provided With a prism atie swivel-block f', adapted to turn on a horizontal stud rigid in the head c', this construction being common in different kinds of machinery. lVhen the sliding head is drawn by the screw d to a position in which the axis of the block f is eccentric with that of the shaft P, the block will have a crank motion when the shaft is turned. Two vertical parallel bars g g' are arranged one on either side of the block, be-

ing held at their upper and lower ends by bolts h 7L', threaded into the saddle D, as shown in Fig. 1. These bolts hold sleeves t" t" between the right-hand bar g and the saddle and other sleeves 7a 7s between the bars g g', the former sleeves serving to keep the bars at a proper distance from the saddle and the latter sleeves constituting spacers for the bars themselves. The longer upper bolt 71, also is provided with a sleeve Z', similar to the others, extending some distance to the left of the bars and through a rest R, rigid with the extreme end of the frame C, said sleeve being adapted to slide freely through said rest.

Now it will be understood that if the block f have a crank motion the saddle with its dependent parts, including the cutter-carrying devices, will be caused to reciprocate while the cutter-carrying gear G is revolving, the saddle sliding upon its bearings on the frame C, and it will be also understood that this rectilinear reciprocal motion being given to the cutter while the latter is carried around by the gear G will canse the cutter to move in an elliptical line or track.

The gear t', as shown in Fig. 13, is formed IOO IIO

with a lengthened hub or sleeve, upon the end of which is secured a collar n', (see also Fig. 1,) the bearing h for the shaft being between the collar and the gear. The gear fon the same shaft L is likewise formed with an extended hub, upon the end of which is s`ecured a collar o', the bearing g being between said collar o' and the associated gear. The gear f controls the shaft L as to its rotatory motions, said shaft being provided with splines p to be engaged by said gear f. The shaft L, being adapted to slide longitudinally through the gear f, is in consequence controlled as to its endwise movements by the saddle D, holding rigidly the bearing h-that is to say, when the saddle is reciprocated, as already described, the shaft L will be carried backward and forward through the gear f. Similarly the gear 7c is formed with a lengthened hub provided at its lower end with a fixed collar r' below the bearing Z. The shaft N carrying said gear 7c, is adapted to slide vertically through said gear and is provided with splines s', so that while it slides freely through the gear the latter and the shaft must both turn together. The pinion n at the lower end of the shaft N is rigid with the shaft and being confined within the holdingring F enables the latter to control the shaft as to its endwise motions and to cause it to slide through the gear 7s when the gate is raised or lowered.

The gate E is moved in vertical directions by means of a hand-lever S, Figs. 1, G, '7, and 12, held upon a horizontal shaft T in the frame C, back of said gate. The gate is provided with an internal vertical toothed rack i', Figs. 6 and 14, and the shaft holds rigidly a toothed segment V to engage said rack, by means of which mechanism the attendant, by using the hand-lever, may lower or raise the gate at pleasure. At its outer end the shaft T rests in a bearing in the frame C, its inner end resting in a bearing u' of the saddle D. Some simple means, as a collar c', rigid with the shaft, is provided for enabling the saddle to control the shaft as to its longitudinal motions. The shaft is adapted to slide in endwise directions within its bearing in the frame C, it being carried backward and forward as the saddle is reciprocated on said frame. The lever S is splined onto the shaft and iits the latter freely, so the shaft may also slide through the lever during its endwise motions. on', Figs. 1 and 12, rigid with the frame C and extending over the lever, as shown, serve to prevent the latter lfrom being moved away from the frame by the action of the shaft.

The gate F. is preferably arranged to have its weight supported by a spring d2, Figs. 1, 6, and 19. This spring is inclosed ina vertical barrel e2 in the rear of the'gate and bears at its lower end upon a rest f2, projecting from the saddle D.

' -The plan of the machine is such that the sheet of material w', from which the gaskets ant.

nected a lever C', Figs. 1, 5, and S, fulcrumedv Some simple means, as clips are cut, lies'flat upon a horizontal table or bench W, Figs. 1 and 14, being held to place during the process of cutting mainly by means of a vertical drop-shaft X. At its lower end the drop-shaft is provided with a broad or eX- panded footpiece Y, Figs. 1,15,and 16,to which is permanently secured a still broader thin metal plate Z to rest directly upon the sheet of packing material w'. This footpiece is preferably threaded onto the reduced end of the drop-shaft, as shown so as to be removable therefrom. In practice a number of these footpieces with attached plates are provided of different sizes to be used according to the dimensions of the gaskets to be formed. The drop-shaft is further provided at its lower end with an axial point w' to pierce the sheet of rubber 'w' when let ,down upon the sheet. Each footpiece, with its accompanying plate, is formed with an inclined opening y', Figs. 1, 15, and 16, at one side of its center in such position that the attendant may see the point oo' through it, the use of which will be eX- plained fartheron. The plate Z is also formed with downwardly-projecting barbs c2 c2 at its ends, which, piercing thesheet of packing material, prevent the latter from turning when pressed by the advancing cutter.

The drop-shaft is held near its upper end by a hanger A', Figs. 5 and 8, rigid with the body A, and near its lower end by a similar p device B', Figs. 1 and 14, rigid lwith the frame `C, the shaft being adapted to slide vertically through both hangers. An adjustable collar z' is provided on the shaft above the hanger A' to limit the extent of its downward motions by encountering the hanger A', and a similar collar or stop a2 is provided to limit the upward motions of the shaft by encountering the gate E. This latter or upward stop for the drop-shaft is made practical from the fact that though lthe gate is moved in vertical directions, as above described, it is always up' when the drop-shaft is lifted. The drop-shaft is always moved downward in advance of the gate and raised after the gate is up.

It is not material to the invention whether the drop-shaft is arranged to fall from gravity or to be brought down by an act of the attend- Near the upper end of the shaft is conupon links D', secured pivotally to the holder or bracket A'. The lever is pivoted directly to a head E' by bolts g2, adj ustably secured to the drop-shaft, and at its opposite end may be provided with a counterweightl' (shown in dotted line) to normally hold the drop-shaft in its raised position, or the weight may be dispensed with and a simple device F', Figs. 5 and 8, be provided, by means of which the attendant may operate the drop-shaft with his foot. In case the weight be used for lifting the shaft the latter is moved down against the packing material by some simple means,

as a cord or cable, (shown by dots G', Fig. 5,)v

attached to the end of the lever and passing over pulleys, with the free end in convenient IOO IIO

i ellas-1s reach of the attendant. The matter of operating the drop-shaft is merely one of convenience and not of invention.

In forming the gaskets the sheet or slab of material out of which they areV to be cut is placed under the cutter and blanks cut out corresponding with the outer line or edge h2, Fig. 18, of the gasket required. Subsequently these blanks are again subjected to the action of the cutter shifted to a new position to remove the central portions thereof, following the inner line 2. The gaskets, when completed, are circular or elliptical annular rings of uniform width between the inner and outer edges. The center pieces cut from large gaskets are commonly used, from which to form gaskets of smaller sizes. In placing the blanks to have the center parts cut out they are commonly placed within guides or holders 7a2, secured to the surface of the table.

For accurately replacing the blanks under the cutter care is taken to so locate them on the table that the barbs e2 of the plate Z and the point no' shall reenter the incisions originally made in them by said barbs and point. Then thus placed, the major axes of the blanks and the center pieces removed will coincide, and the completed gaskets will have a uniform width of strip throughout. One blank being thus accurately placed upon the table, the guides k2 are set to meet its ends and secured to place, by means of which other blanks of the same size may be readily placed to have their center parts removed. To thus accurately form elliptical gaskets, it is essential that the drop-shaft X shall not have any axial motion. To prevent this, the head E is extended backward and formed into a fork Z2, Fig. 8, engaging a stud II', (see Fig. 5,) rigid in. the holder A. This prevents any twisting or turning of the drop-shaft in its bearings. However, it is solnetimes convenient or necessary in doing' the work to axially shift or adjust the drop-shaft. This is provided for by securing the head E to the shaft by some simple means, as a set-screw m2, which may be loosened at any time for the purpose of turning the drop-shaft as may be required. Y

To gage the throw of the crank mechanism, one of the bars g', Fig. 1, is provided with graduation-marks r2, by means of which the exact throw of the crank may be determined in any case. Also the slide-holder s is provided with a scale of equal parts s2 for the purpose of determining the radial positions of the knife o. In forming elliptical gaskets the throw of the crank determines their major axes and the radial position of the cutter determines their minor axes.

Commonly in laying out the work the centers of the gaskets proposed to be formed are marked on the sheet of packing material by using templets or by other means in a manner to have the sheet cut to the best ad vantage and have as little waste as possible. After being thus marked the sheet is placed so the point of the drop-shaftwill pierce it successively at the points marked. The projecting point is first to pierce the sheet, and by means of the view-opening 'y' the attendant is enabled to so place the sheet each time that it will be pierced by the point at the places marked.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. A machine for forming gaskets, havinga reciprocatory rotary cutter-carrier and means to move said cutter-carrier toward or from the work, and for holding the material, and a cutter-holder controlled by said cutter-carrier, and a reversible screw for actuating the cutter-holder, substantially as described.

2. Armachine for forming gaskets, having a frame, a saddle adapted to move horizontally upon said frame, a gate adapted to move in vertical directions upon the saddle, and a hori- Zontal rotatory cutter-carrier supported by said gate, with driving mechanisms for said cutter -carrier and saddle, substantially as shown and described.

3. A machine for forming gaskets, comprising a frame,a reciprocatory saddle,a gate movable upon the saddle, a cutter-carrier carried by the gate, a shaft journaled upon the frame and saddle, a second shaft journaled upon the saddle and gate, and gearing operatively connecting said shafts and carrier, substantially as specified.

Ll. A machine for forming gaskets, having a reciprocal saddle, a movable gate on the saddle, and a cutter-carrier supported by the gate, in combination with a driving-shaft having an outer and an inner driving-gear, and driving parts connecting said outer gear with the cutter-carrier, and driving parts connecting the inner gear with the saddle, substantially as shown and described.

5. A machine for forming gaskets, having a vertically-movable shaft, a plate held bythe shaft to press the gasket material, formed with spurs to pierce said material, and a center point or spur in the shaft to pierce said gasket material, and means for actuating said shaft, the latter being axially adjustable, and means being provided to hold it from turning in' its bearings, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

6. A machine for forming gaskets, having a vertical shaft, an expanded footpiece held removably upon the shaft, the latter being provided with a spur projecting below the footpiece, said footpiece being formed with an opening through which to observe said spur, substantially as specified.

7. A machine for forming gaskets comprising a shaft mounted to reciprocate at right angles to its length, a rotary cutter-carrier carried thereby, and means for simultaneously imparting a reciprocatory and rotary gravement to the shaft, substantially as speci- 8. A machine for forming gaskets comprising a shaft reciprocatory in the direction of its length and also at right angles thereto, a

IOO

rotary cutter-carrier carried by said shaft,

and means for simultaneously rotating the shaft and for reciprocating it laterally, substantially as specified.

9. A machine for forming gaskets comprising a rotary longitudinally movable shaft mounted also for reciprocation at right angles to its length, a rotary cutter-carrier, means for rotating and for simultaneously reciprotary cutter-carrier, a shaft mounted for re'- v ciprocation transversely of the axis of the carrier, and a reciprocatory saddle supporting said carrier, substantially as specified.

12. The combination of a reciprocatory rotary cutter-carrier, a rotary and reciprocatory shaft movable at right angles to the shaft of the carrier, a reciprocatory saddle, and a gate movable on the saddle and supporting said cutter-carrier, as set forth.

13. The combination of a frame, a rotary and reciprocatory cutter-carrier, means for reciprocating said carrier during its rotation, a reciprocatory saddle, and a gate movable on the saddle and supporting the carrier, all substantially as shown and described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 25th day of January, 1898, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OLIN J. GARLOCK.

Witnesses:

ENOS B. WHITMORE, M. L. WINsToN. 

